The MATHEMATICIAN. Fear me! WARNING.... ALL PVP SHIP BUILDS ARE CREATED USING HIGH LEVEL MATH!
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Effective DPS = Raw DPS Fractional Modifier
This "Effective DPS" is the crucial number to determine if your ship can survive incoming damage.
FM = min(1, (S * Vt / E * Ve), (E * Ve / S * Vt)^drf)


Required Raw HP/sec Healing = Raw DPS * min(1, (S * Vt / E * Ve))
Where "Vulnerability" = (Unresisted % of Ship) / 100 = 1 - (minimal resistance of ship / 100)
When using Carrier or Capital Class or Stationary vessels, the formula is simpler:
Required Raw HP/s = Total Raw DPS * Vulnerability
To figure out solo how much total Damage you can take before needing to avoid a skirmish:
(Healing HP/sec * 100) / Vulnerability

Variable Definitions
S: The Signature Radius of your target ship (in meters).
E: The Explosion Radius of the incoming missile type (in meters).
Ve: The Explosion Velocity of the incoming missile type (in m/s).
Vt: The Target Velocity of your ship (in m/s).
drf: The Damage Reduction Factor, an inherent, hidden missile stat that dictates how much speed matters (a value between 0.1 and 1.0).
The function min(1, A, B) ensures that the damage applied can never exceed 100% of potential damage.

MU = Dose / (D'0 \xd7 Sc,p \xd7 P \xd7 WF \xd7 TF \xd7 ISF)

2. SSD Technique (Source-to-Surface Distance)
Use this formula when the distance from the source to the patient's skin is fixed (usually 100 cm). This uses the Percent Depth Dose (PDD).
MU = Dose / (D'0 \xd7 Sc,p \xd7 [PDD/100] \xd7 WF \xd7 TF)
3. SAD Technique (Source-Axis Distance / Isocentric)
Use this formula when the center of the tumor is placed at the machine's isocenter. This uses the Tissue Maximum Ratio (TMR).
MU = Dose / (D'0 \xd7 Sc,p \xd7 TMR \xd7 WF \xd7 TF \xd7 ISF)

Required Raw HP/sec healing = (Effective DPS) * Vulnerability
Effective DPS = (EFT DPS / 2) * (Hit Chance) + (EFT DPS / 2) * (Hit Chance)
Hit Chance = 0.5 * (1 + Accuracy_bullet)
Accuracy_bullet = exponential term involving (Target Velocity/Tracking Speed) and (Target Sig Radius/Optimal Range/Accuracy Falloff)