SOMETHING TO REMEMBER:
Damage types for Defence:
Angels - Explosive/Kinetic
Amarr Navy - EM/Thermal
Blood Raiders - EM/Thermal
Caldari Navy - Thermal/Kinetic
Gallente Navy - Kinetic/Thermal
Guristas - Kinetic/Thermal
Khanid - Thermal/EM
Mercenary - EM/Thermal
Mordus - Kinetic/Thermal
Odamian - Kinetic/Thermal
Rogue Drones - Exp/Kin
Rogue Pirate - all damage types
Sansha - EM/Thermal
Serpentis - Thermal/Kinetic

Damage types to Attack:
Guristas - Kinetic
Serpentis - Thermal
Mordus - Thermal Kinetic
Blood - EM Thermal Hammerhead/Inferno
Sansha - Thermal Hammerhead/Inferno
Angel - Explosive Vespa/Scourge
Mercenary - Thermal Hammerhead/Inferno

Cosmic anomalies are ranked in difficulty by 10 levels, these are:
Burrow (easiest)
Hideaway
Refuge
Den
Yard
Rally Point
Port
Hub
Haven
Sanctum (hardest)