Turret chance to hit:
ChanceToHit = 0.5 ^ ((((Transversal speed/(Range to target * Turret Tracking))*(Turret Signature Resolution / Target Signature Radius))^2) + ((max(0, Range To Target - Turret Optimal Range))/Turret Falloff)^2)

Align time (seconds) = [mass(kg) / 1mil] x inertia x 1.386

Lock time (seconds) = [40000/ScanRes] / [asinh(SigRadius) ^2]

Skill training rate = Primary attrib. + [0.5x Secondary attrib.] SP per minute

hardener calculation:
newres = res+[(1-res)*(hardener*stackpen)]
where newres is your current resistance after fitting the hardener, res is what you had before, hardener is the hardeners resist bonus, and stackpen is stacking penalty factor