Damage type to protect against:
Angel - All
Amarr Navy - EM & Thermal
Blood - EM & Thermal
Caldary navy - Kinetic & Thermal
Gallente - Kinetic & Thermal
Guristas - Kinetic & Thermal
Khanid - EM & Thermal
Mercenary - EM & Thermal & Kin
Mordus - Kinetic & Thermal
Sansha - EM & Thermal
Serpentis - Kinetic & Thermal

Main Damage type to shoot at the enemy:
Guristas - Kinetic
Serpentis - Kinetic / Thermal
Mordus - Thermal & Kinetic
Blood - Thermal
Sansha - Thermal
Angel - Explosive
Mercenary - Thermal

ECM:
Magnetometric Jammer (Aqua icon) - effective against Gallente
Ladar Jammer (Red Icon) - effective against Minmatar
Radar Jammer (Gold Icon) - effective against Amarr
Gravimetric Jammer (Blue Icon) - effective against Caldari

1 au = 149.000.000 km
3 au = 447.000.000 km
7 au = 1.043.000.000 km
10 au = 1,500,000,000 km