Minmatar - Ladar
Caldari - Gravimetric
Gallente - Magnetometric
Amarr - Radar

Angel: All types, although mostly kinetic-explosive
Blood: EM-thermal.
Centii: EM-thermal.
Coreli: Kinetic-thermal.
Corpii: EM-thermal.
Domination: All types, mostly kinetic-explosive.
Gist: All types, mostly kinetic-explosive.
Gurista: Kinetic-thermal.
Khanid: EM-thermal.
Mercenary: All types.
Mordus: Kinetic-thermal.
Odamian: Kinetic-thermal.
Pith: Kinetic-thermal.
Rogue drones: All types.
Republic fleet: All types, mostly kinetic-explosive.
Sansha: EM-thermal.
Serpentis: Kinetic-thermal.

Main Damage types to use on npc factions:
Guristas - Kinetic
Serpentis - Thermal
Mordus - Therma-Kinetic
Blood - EM-Thermal
Sansha - EM-Thermal
Angel - Explosive
Mercenary - Thermal